Scientific Sessions

Pediatric neurology and developmental disorders focus on the diagnosis and management of neurological conditions that affect infants, children, and adolescents during critical stages of brain and nervous system development. These disorders can arise from genetic mutations, prenatal or perinatal complications, infections, metabolic imbalances, or environmental factors that interfere with normal brain growth. Common conditions include epilepsy in children, cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), muscular dystrophies, and developmental delay syndromes. Symptoms often present as difficulties with movement, speech, learning, behavior, or social interaction, and early recognition is crucial for effective intervention. Pediatric neurologists use tools such as developmental assessments, brain imaging, and genetic testing to provide accurate diagnoses and guide treatment plans tailored to each child’s unique needs.

Management of pediatric neurological and developmental disorders typically requires a multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, pediatricians, therapists, educators, and families. Treatments may include medications to control seizures or behavioral symptoms, physical and occupational therapy to improve motor function, speech therapy to enhance communication, and individualized education programs to support learning. Advances in neuroimaging, genetics, and neurorehabilitation are opening new opportunities for earlier diagnosis and more personalized care. In addition, research into brain plasticity has shown that children’s developing brains have remarkable potential to adapt and reorganize, highlighting the importance of early intervention. Beyond medical care, fostering inclusive environments, raising awareness, and providing long-term support systems are essential in helping children with neurological and developmental disorders achieve their full potential and improve overall quality of life.